Romania, situated in Eastern Europe and bordered by Hungary, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Moldova, presents a captivating blend of history, natural beauty, and modern amenities. Its diverse landscapes range from the scenic Black Sea coastline to the legendary castles of Transylvania, including the famed Bran Castle, often associated with the Dracula legend. The capital city, Bucharest, is a vibrant metropolis known for its eclectic architecture and dynamic cultural scene.
Whether you’re drawn by the allure of medieval castles, the bustling urban life of Bucharest, or the opportunity to work remotely in a culturally rich setting, Romania provides a diverse array of experiences for visitors and professionals.
Romania at a Glance
| Region | Eastern Europe |
|---|---|
| Population | 19.2 million |
| Languages | Romanian |
| Capital | Bucharest |
| Currency | Romanian Leu (RON) |
| Neighboring Countries | Hungary, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Moldova |
Table of Contents
- Traveling to Romania
- Visa and legal requirements
- Culture and lifestyle
- Work opportunities
- Cost of living
- Where to stay
- Health and safety
- Local laws and customs
Traveling to Romania
The primary entry point for international travelers is Henri Coandă International Airport (OTP), located near Bucharest. The airport connects Romania to various European and international destinations, with flights operated by airlines such as Lufthansa, TAROM, and Wizz Air.
Romania’s extensive rail network offers connections to neighboring countries, such as Hungary, Bulgaria, and Serbia. International buses also provide affordable routes, while the Danube River allows for limited ferry access from Bulgaria and Serbia.
For road travelers, Romania’s modern highways link to its neighbors, but drivers must carry an International Driving Permit and proof of vehicle insurance.
Visa and legal requirements
Romania is a member of the European Union, but it is not part of the Schengen Area. Visa requirements depend on nationality:
- EU/EEA Citizens: Can enter Romania without a visa and stay indefinitely as long as they register with local authorities for stays exceeding 90 days.
- Visa-Free Nationals: Citizens of countries such as the U.S., Canada, and the UK can stay for up to 90 days within a 180-day period.
- Schengen Visa Holders: A valid Schengen visa can be used for entry, but time spent in Romania does not count toward Schengen stay limits.
For longer stays, travelers may need to apply for a long-stay visa or residency permit. For more details, visit the Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs website.
Types of Visas in Romania
Romania offers various visa types to accommodate different travel purposes:
- Airport Transit Visa (Type A): Permits travelers to transit through the international area of Romanian airports without entering the country’s territory.
- Transit Visa (Type B): Allows entry into Romania for transit purposes, with a maximum stay of 5 days.
- Short-Stay Visa (Type C): Grants stays up to 90 days within any 180-day period for purposes such as:
- Tourism
- Business
- Visiting Family or Friends
- Cultural or Sporting Events
- Official Missions
- Short-Term Studies
- Medical Reasons
- Long-Stay Visa (Type D): Intended for stays exceeding 90 days, covering activities like:
- Economic Activities
- Professional Activities
- Commercial Activities
- Employment
- Studies
- Family Reunification
- Digital Nomad Visa: Introduced in December 2021, this visa allows remote workers employed by non-Romanian companies or freelancers with clients outside Romania to reside in the country. Applicants must demonstrate a monthly income at least three times the Romanian average gross salary (approximately €3,700), possess valid health insurance with a minimum coverage of €30,000, and have a clean criminal record.
Culture and lifestyle in Romania
Romania is a country steeped in folklore and modernity. It is known for its warm hospitality, vibrant arts, and deep connections to nature.
Traditions and Celebrations
Romania celebrates numerous festivals that reflect its heritage:
- Dragobete: The Romanian equivalent of Valentine’s Day, celebrated on February 24.
- Martisor: On March 1, people exchange small trinkets and red-and-white threads as a symbol of spring.
- Christmas and Easter: Orthodox Christian traditions are marked by feasts, carols, and church ceremonies.
Romanian Food
Romanian cuisine is hearty and diverse. Some popular dishes include:
- Sarmale: Cabbage rolls stuffed with minced meat and rice.
- Mămăligă: A cornmeal porridge similar to polenta, often served with sour cream and cheese.
- Mititei: Grilled minced meat rolls spiced with garlic and herbs.
Music and Dance
Romanian folk music is celebrated for its lively rhythms and unique instruments like the pan flute. Modern music ranges from pop to electronic, with a thriving underground scene in cities like Cluj-Napoca.
Work opportunities in Romania
Romania’s growing economy offers roles across IT, agriculture, and tourism.
Top Industries
Key sectors include:
- IT and software development
- Tourism, especially in Transylvania and the Black Sea coast
- Agriculture, including winemaking
Remote Work
Romania is gaining popularity among digital nomads. Coworking spaces such as Cluj Hub provide resources for remote workers.
Cost of living in Romania
Romania is affordable compared to Western Europe. For example, the cost of living in Bucharest is about $1,200 per month for a single person, excluding rent.
Where to stay in Romania
Popular areas include:
- Bucharest: Romania’s capital offers a mix of history and modernity.
- Cluj-Napoca: Known as Romania’s IT hub, it attracts young professionals.
- Brasov: Nestled in the Carpathian Mountains, it’s a gateway to Transylvania.
Health and safety
Romania is considered safe, but visitors should stay vigilant about pickpocketing in crowded areas. Public healthcare is available, but private clinics often offer better services.
Local laws and customs
Respect local customs, especially in rural areas. Alcohol consumption is legal, but public intoxication is frowned upon. Drug use carries severe penalties.